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Approximate age:31,500 years old=average of minimum (0.03 Ma) and maximum (0.033 Ma)
Date based on: Radiocarbon See map of sites with similar ages
Dating reference: Hublin, J. J., Barroso Ruiz, C., Medina Lara, P., Fontugne, M., & Reyss, J. L. (1995). The Mousterian site of Zafarraya (Andalucia, Spain): dating and implications on the palaeolithic peopling processes of Western Europe. COMPTES RENDUS-ACADEMIE DES SCIENCES PARIS SERIE 2 SCIENCES DE LA TERRE ET DES PLANETES FASCICULE A, 321, 931-937.
Finlayson, C., Pacheco, F. G., RodrÌguez-Vidal, J., Fa, D. A., LÛpez, J. M. G., PÈrez, A. S., et al. (2006). Late survival of Neanderthals at the southernmost extreme of Europe. Nature, 443(7113), 850-853.
Hominids: Homo neanderthalensis
Archaeology:Middle Stone Age (MSA)/Mousterian
Important specimens:
Notes: Coordinates and date from Hublin et al. 1995 CR Acad Sci Paris
Location: Sierra de Alhama, Spain
Map location/coordinates reference: Hublin, J. J., Barroso Ruiz, C., Medina Lara, P., Fontugne, M., & Reyss, J. L. (1995). The Mousterian site of Zafarraya (Andalucia, Spain): dating and implications on the palaeolithic peopling processes of Western Europe. COMPTES RENDUS-ACADEMIE DES SCIENCES PARIS SERIE 2 SCIENCES DE LA TERRE ET DES PLANETES FASCICULE A, 321, 931-937.
Key references:
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Zafarraya Cave I [3-7]
