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Approximate age:840,000 years old=average of minimum (0.79 Ma) and maximum (0.89 Ma)

Date based on: K-Ar See map of sites with similar ages

Dating reference: Hyodo, M., Matsu'ura, S., Kamishima, Y., Kondo, M., Takeshita, Y., Kitaba, I., et al. High-resolution record of the Matuyama-Brunhes transition constrains the age of Javanese Homo erectus in the Sangiran dome, Indonesia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108(49), 19563-19568.

Hominids: Homo erectus      

Archaeology:      

Important specimens: Numerous crania ad partial crania (Sangiran 2, Sangrina 3, Sangiran 10, Sangiran 12, Sangrian 14, Sangiran 17, Sangrian 26, Sangiran 38). Note that there is controversy over the assignment of some hominin fossils to the Bapang Formation. "However, the oldest hominins, in the uppermost levels of the Sangiran Formation, are sandwiched between dated tuffs of 1.58 and 1.66Ma (Swisher et al., 1994; Swisher, 1997). Calvariae Sangiran 4, 27, and 31 as well as Hanoman 1 have been argued to derive from the uppermost Sangiran Formation (Grimaud-Herve and Widianto, 2001; Indriati and Antón, 2008; Widianto et al., 1994) and to differ from the overlying Bapang hominins in their taphonomic preservation (Indriati and Antón, 2008). The overlying Bapang Formation yields a far greater number of hominin calvariae that range in age from 1.0 to 1.58Ma based on 40Ar/39Ar analyses (Antón and Swisher, 2004; Larick et al., 2001; Swisher et al., 1994; Swisher, 1997)." (Indriati, E., & Antón, S. C. The calvaria of Sangiran 38, Sendangbusik, Sangiran Dome, Java. HOMO-Journal of Comparative Human Biology.)

Notes: Map centerpoint is on localities of Bukuran and Sendangbusik. The Sangiran Museum is here http://wikimapia.org#lat=-7.4557253&lon=110.8343321&z=18&l=0&m=b. Date formerly placed at 1.5-1.02 Ma by Larick, R., R. L. Ciochon, and Y. Zaim. 2001. Early Pleistocene 40Ar/39Ar ages for Bapang Formation hominins, Central Jawa, Indonesia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 98:4866.

Location: Sangiran, Java, Indonesia
Map location/coordinates reference: Indriati, E., & Antón, S. C. The calvaria of Sangiran 38, Sendangbusik, Sangiran Dome, Java. HOMO-Journal of Comparative Human Biology.

Key references: